Bible Access List: Research

A comprehensive framework for assessing global Bible access and shortages

Overview & Summary

The Bible Access List (BAL) is a global initiative developed by the Bible Access Initiative, a collaborative of Bible agencies, to identify where access to the Bible is most difficult and where shortages among Christians are greatest.

The 2025 edition covers 88 countries, offering a structured, data-informed framework to support strategic planning, distribution, and advocacy for Bible accessibility and addressing Bible shortages.

Core Assessments

  • Bible Restrictions list: A ranked score identifying where Bible access is most difficult
  • Bible Shortage list: A ranked overview of where the greatest number of Christians lack Bibles
  • Country Profiles: Narrative and visual summaries of Bible access realities and prayer needs

Scope and Coverage

2025 Edition

  • 88 Countries covered
  • 76 Countries with Bible Shortage estimates
  • • Range-based estimates to reflect uncertainty

Selection Criteria

  • • Known or suspected access restrictions
  • • Data availability and quality
  • • Feasibility of reliable data collection

Key Definitions

Bible Access

The ability to obtain or read the Bible through various means such as physical copies, digital formats, or availability in public/community locations (such as churches or libraries), or family settings.

Bible Ownership

Personal possession of a Bible. Ownership implies individual access and choice and may be affected by availability or legal constraints.

Bible Shortage

The estimated number of Christians who desire but do not own a personal Bible. Calculated using survey data, demographic modeling, and expert review.

Bible Restrictions Assessment

The Bible Restrictions List evaluates each country against 11 indicators organized into two blocks:

Block 1: Imposed Restrictions (75% weight)

Restrictions imposed by governments, religious extremists, or other actors:

  • • Ability to freely import Bibles, in any quantity
  • • Ability to freely print Bibles, in any quantity
  • • Ability to freely store Bibles, in any quantity
  • • Ability to freely own Bibles, in any quantity
  • • Ability to freely distribute Bibles, in any quantity
  • • Ability to safely access Bibles on the internet

Block 2: Socio-economic Factors (25% weight)

Broader socio-economic conditions that indirectly restrict access:

  • • Poverty
  • • Lack of access to the internet
  • • Lack of access to electricity
  • • Low literacy levels
  • • Poor infrastructure limiting distribution

Data Sources

Primary Data

  • BAL Survey: Distributed to respondents in 100+ countries, translated into 6 languages
  • Expert Interviews: In-depth interviews with country-specific experts
  • Field Observations: On-site visits to selected countries or regions
  • Plausibility Review: Consultations with partner organizations and country experts

Secondary Data

  • World Christian Database: Population, religion, and denominational data
  • Open Doors World Watch List: Persecution data and country analysis
  • World Bank Indicators: Income levels, internet usage, literacy rates, Logistics Performance Index
  • Bible Translation Databases: Translation availability per language group

Guiding Principles

Accessibility to All

Every individual should be able to access and own a Bible if they wish—regardless of their religious affiliation.

Free Accessibility

There should be no legal or socio-economic barriers that impede or complicate access to Bibles.

Access in Any Quantity

Churches, Bible agencies, and mission organizations should be able to acquire Bibles in any quantity necessary.